Figure P16.1. Differences between two races of the butterfly Heliconius erato are largely determined by three unlinked genes, with the alleles indicated by uppercase letters at each locus fixed in one race and the recessive alleles in the other. The alleles d,D determine the pattern of rays on the hindwing; heterozygotes can be distinguished from both homozygotes. The alleles cr, Cr determine the size of the hindwing bar, and sd, Sd determine the size of the forewing bar. Cr is dominant over cr and Sd over sd. (Adapted From Mallet J. et al. Genetics 124: 921–936, Fig. 2, © 1990 Genetics Society of America.)
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