Chapter 13: Variation in DNA and Proteins: Figure WN13.1 - Pairs of plant species from Eastern North America and from East Asia were separated by climatic change in the late Miocene, about 5 Mya.

Figure WN13.1

Figure WN13.1. Pairs of plant species from Eastern North America and from East Asia were separated by climatic change in the late Miocene, about 5 Mya. The degree of divergence in the gene rbcL, carried on the chloroplast genome, is roughly similar for all but two species pairs, reflecting similar rates of divergence. One species pair (sixth from left) shows no divergence; it is thought to have spread by recent dispersal, rather than diverging in situ. Divergence is expressed in substitutions per site; bars show the mean and standard error of the estimates, and the dashed line shows the overall mean. Assuming a constant rate of divergence, calibration against fossil evidence suggests that this mean corresponds to separation at 5.4 Mya. (Adapted from Xiang et al. 2000, Fig. 2.)

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